New SARS-CoV-2 Variant XFG

 



The emergence of the XFG variant of SARS-CoV-2 has raised concerns in India. As of June 2025, 163 cases have been reported, primarily in Maharashtra. The total number of active COVID-19 cases in India stands at 6,815, with three deaths recorded in the last 24 hours. The Indian SARS-CoV-2 Genomics Consortium has confirmed the presence of this new variant.

About the XFG Variant

The XFG variant is a recombinant strain. It results from the merging of two earlier strains, LF.7 and LP.8.1.2. This variant carries four mutations in the spike protein. It has shown rapid global spread since its initial detection in Canada. The variant is a descendant of the Omicron sub-variant.

Geographical Distribution

Maharashtra has reported the highest number of cases at 89. Other states with notable cases include Tamil Nadu (16), Kerala (15), Gujarat (11), and Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and West Bengal (six each). A new case has also been confirmed in Telangana.

Clinical Characteristics

The XFG variant appears to cause mild upper respiratory symptoms. This is particularly true for vaccinated individuals or those who have had previous COVID-19 infections. Current data indicates that 66% of respiratory viral infections in India are COVID-related. Hospitalisation rates remain low, even among high-risk populations.

Comparison with JN.1 Variant

The XFG variant differs from the JN.1 variant, which is a sub-lineage of Omicron BA.2.86. The JN.1 variant has been linked to a rise in cases across Asia. It carries around 30 mutations and has been detected in several countries. The World Health Organization has classified JN.1 as a variant of interest but has not yet done so for XFG.

Government Response

In response to the rising cases, the Union Health Ministry is conducting mock drills to assess preparedness. States have been instructed to ensure the availability of oxygen, isolation beds, and essential medicines. Most cases are mild and managed at home. Surveillance units are closely monitoring influenza-like illnesses and severe acute respiratory illnesses.

Current COVID-19 Statistics

As of now, India has reported a total of 65 deaths since January 2025. The number of active patients was lower in late May, with only 257 cases reported. Continuous monitoring and genome sequencing of positive samples are underway to track the variant’s spread.

Event Details:

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