Global Diseases Research

  The Aralam Butterfly Sanctuary, located in Kannur, Kerala, has recently gained recognition as India’s first protected area dedicated solely to butterflies. Renamed on June 18, this sanctuary spans 55 square kilometres of lush tropical and semi-evergreen forests. It is home to over 266 butterfly species, which represent more than 80 percent of Kerala’s butterfly population. This initiative marks the importance of preserving biodiversity and the unique ecosystems of the Western Ghats. Historical Context The sanctuary was established in 1984. For 25 years, local wildlife enthusiasts, forest officials, and experts advocated for the recognition and protection of butterflies. Their efforts culminated in the sanctuary’s renaming, reflecting a growing appreciation for the role of butterflies in the ecosystem. Biodiversity Aralam Butterfly Sanctuary is a biodiversity hotspot . It hosts a variety of flora and fauna, including elephants, leopards, giant squirrels, and numerous bird species....

  India’s extensive coastline is facing challenges from illegal fishing practices, particularly light fishing. This method employs high-intensity artificial lights to attract fish, causing severe ecological damage and threatening traditional fishers’ livelihoods. Despite a national ban on this practice in 2017, enforcement remains inconsistent, leading to ongoing conflicts and resource depletion. The Nature of Light Fishing Light fishing involves using powerful LED lights to lure fish to the surface. This technique leads to overfishing, often capturing juvenile fish and non-target species. The practice is banned in India’s Exclusive Economic Zone but continues to thrive due to weak enforcement. Impact on Marine Biodiversity The ecological consequences of light fishing are alarming. Studies indicate that it contributes to juvenile stock depletion and coral reef degradation. High-intensity lights disrupt spawning cycles and can lead to the collapse of local fish populations, affecti...

  The Innovative Research Award honors exceptional and original contributions in scientific research that push boundaries, solve critical challenges, and open new pathways in knowledge or technology. This award recognizes individuals or teams whose work demonstrates creativity, high impact, and the potential to transform their field or benefit global communities 🔗 Nominate now and celebrate the Innovative Research Award #InnovativeResearchAward #ResearchExcellence #ScientificInnovation #BreakthroughScience #NextGenResearch #TransformativeIdeas #ScienceForChange #FutureOfScience #DisruptiveInnovation #GlobalImpactScience Event Details: Website: globaldiseases.org Nomination Link: https://globaldiseases.org/award-nomination/?ecategory=Awards&rcategory=Awardee To Contact: contact@globaldiseases.org

  Recent studies on snowflake yeast have revealed intriguing vital information about the evolution of multicellular organisms. This yeast, which exhibits unique growth patterns, has become a focal point for researchers exploring how lifeforms transitioned from unicellular to multicellular structures. The findings suggest that physical processes may play role in this evolutionary leap, challenging established genetic theories . About Snowflake Yeast Snowflake yeast, a variant of regular yeast, grows in clusters rather than as single cells. This growth occurs when the yeast’s buds do not detach from the parent cell, leading to the formation of large, visible clusters. Unlike typical yeast, which relies on genetic changes for reproduction, snowflake yeast demonstrates a different growth mechanism. Growth Mechanism of Snowflake Yeast The growth of snowflake yeast involves a physical process rather than solely genetic changes. Researchers observed that these yeast clusters thrive in nut...

  The World Health Organization (WHO) has introduced its first global guideline for managing sickle cell disease (SCD) during pregnancy. This initiative addresses health challenge impacting both mothers and infants. SCD is characterised by crescent-shaped red blood cells that can obstruct blood flow, leading to severe health complications. The risks associated with SCD escalate during pregnancy, increasing the likelihood of maternal mortality and obstetric complications. About Sickle Cell Disease Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorder. It causes red blood cells to become rigid and shaped like sickles. This abnormality can lead to blockages in blood vessels. Symptoms include severe pain, anaemia, and increased susceptibility to infections. The prevalence of SCD is particularly high in malaria-endemic regions, with sub-Saharan Africa accounting for the majority of cases. Risks During Pregnancy Pregnancy poses heightened risks for women with SCD. These women face ly incre...

  Recent breakthroughs in Alzheimer’s disease research offer new hope for effective treatments. A team led by Professor Anirban Bhunia at the Bose Institute has explored innovative approaches to combat neurodegenerative disorders, particularly focusing on amyloid proteins, which are central to Alzheimer’s pathology. Role of Amyloid Proteins Amyloid proteins contribute to Alzheimer’s disease. They aggregate to form plaques in the brain, leading to cell death. This process causes cognitive decline and memory loss, hallmarks of the disease. Innovative Treatment Strategies Professor Bhunia’s team employed two main strategies. First, they chemically synthesised peptides to inhibit amyloid beta aggregation. Second, they repurposed Lasunadya Ghrita (LG), an Ayurvedic remedy, to target amyloid beta aggregation effectively. Lasunadya Ghrita (LG) LG is a traditional Ayurvedic medicine known for treating mental illnesses. Its non-toxic compounds were characterised for their ability to disrupt...

  The 78th World Health Assembly made history by unanimously adopting the resolution titled ‘Skin diseases as a global public health priority’. This resolution marks shift in recognising skin health as a critical aspect of global public health. The decision reflects years of advocacy and the need for better funding and attention towards skin diseases, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Historical Context The resolution emerged from years of advocacy led by dermatologists and organisations like the International League of Dermatologic Societies (ILDS). Skin diseases affect approximately 1.9 billion people worldwide, yet they have been historically neglected. This resolution aims to change the narrative, denoting skin health as integral to human dignity and social equity. Voices from Low-Resource Settings Experts from regions with limited dermatologic care stress the urgency of this initiative. There is a critical need for increased funding and integration of s...

  Best Paper Award-Global Diseases Research Awards The Best Paper Award honors exceptional research that demonstrates innovation, scientific excellence, and meaningful impact in advancing knowledge within its field. 🔗 Nominate now and celebrate the Best Paper Award #BestPaperAward #ResearchExcellence #InnovationInScience #ScientificBreakthrough #TopResearch #AwardWinningPaper #GlobalResearchImpact #AcademicExcellence #LeadingResearch #ScienceRecognition Event Details: Website: globaldiseases.org Nomination Link: https://globaldiseases.org/award-nomination/?ecategory=Awards&rcategory=Awardee To Contact: contact@globaldiseases.org

  Recently, a team of experts in the United States achieved a breakthrough in cancer treatment. They successfully employed step-and-shoot spot-scanning proton arc therapy, known as SPArc, to treat adenoid cystic carcinoma. This innovative method precisely targets tumours while minimising damage to surrounding healthy tissue. The findings were published in the International Journal of Particle Therapy. What is Proton Therapy? Proton therapy is a type of radiation treatment that uses protons to irradiate cancer cells. Unlike traditional X-ray radiation, protons can be controlled more precisely. This allows for higher doses to be delivered to the tumour while sparing nearby healthy tissues. The SPArc Technique SPArc is a refined approach to proton therapy. It involves a step-and-shoot method where the treatment machine follows a pre-programmed pattern. This technique allows for the delivery of radiation in a more focused manner, reducing collateral damage to critical areas. Comparison...

  Recent studies reveal alarming trends in ocean health. Research indicates that over 20% of the global ocean has darkened in the past two decades. This phenomenon poses serious threats to marine ecosystems and overall planetary health. About Ocean Darkening Ocean darkening refers to the reduction of light penetration in the photic zones. These zones are vital as they support photosynthesis, which is essential for marine life. The photic layer can extend up to 200 meters deep and is crucial for maintaining biodiversity. Research Findings The study employed satellite data and advanced modelling techniques. Researchers measured changes in light absorption using the diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd 490). Between 2003 and 2022, 21% of the global ocean experienced darkening. Particularly, 9% saw a reduction in photic zone depth exceeding 50 meters. Mixed Global Patterns While many areas darkened, some regions became lighter. The North Sea and Arctic showed the most losses in light. C...

  Countries worldwide are increasingly adopting carbon pricing mechanisms to address greenhouse gas emissions. A recent report by the World Bank marks that carbon pricing now encompasses nearly two-thirds of the global Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The total number of operational carbon pricing instruments has surged from five in 2005 to 80 in 2025. Key players such as India, Brazil, and Türkiye are actively developing these instruments. About Carbon Pricing Instruments Carbon pricing aims to internalise the external costs of greenhouse gas emissions. These costs include damage to crops, healthcare expenses, and property loss from climate-related events. Carbon pricing methods typically involve a price on emitted carbon dioxide (CO2). The three main types of carbon pricing instruments are:Emissions Trading Systems (ETS): Governments set a cap on GHG emissions. Companies can trade emission units to meet their targets. If they reduce emissions, they can sell excess units. Carbon Taxe...

  The Lifetime Achievement Award honors an individual’s enduring contributions and impactful legacy in their field, celebrating excellence, leadership, and inspiration. 🔗 Nominate now and celebrate the Lifetime Achievement Award #LifetimeAchievement #CareerExcellence #ScienceLegacy #TrailblazerAward #ResearchPioneer #CelebratingGreatMinds #HonoringExcellence #InnovationLeadership #LegacyOfImpact #VisionaryWork #ScienceIcon #InspirationForGenerations #GlobalRecognition #ScientificMilestone #AwardOfDistinction #LifelongContribution #PioneerInProgress #ImpactfulJourney #LegacyAward #GreatMindHonors Event Details: Website: globaldiseases.org Nomination Link: https://globaldiseases.org/award-nomination/?ecategory=Awards&rcategory=Awardee To Contact: contact@globaldiseases.org

  The Eurasian otter, once thought extinct in Kashmir for nearly three decades, has been spotted again in the Lidder River. This semi-aquatic mammal, known locally as Vuder, is classified as ‘near threatened’ by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The recent sightings in south Kashmir have sparked interest among wildlife officials and conservationists, denoting the potential for ecological restoration in the region. Historical Context Historically, the Eurasian otter thrived in Kashmir’s water bodies. Records indicate population in areas like Dachigam National Park and the streams feeding the Dal Lake . However, the otter’s population declined sharply due to water pollution and hunting for its fur. The last confirmed sighting occurred around 30 years ago, leading to its presumed extinction in the Valley. Recent Sightings In recent months, multiple sightings have been reported. The first was in Gurez Valley, followed by appearances in Heerpora and the Lidder R...

  The emergence of the XFG variant of SARS-CoV-2 has raised concerns in India. As of June 2025, 163 cases have been reported, primarily in Maharashtra. The total number of active COVID-19 cases in India stands at 6,815, with three deaths recorded in the last 24 hours. The Indian SARS-CoV-2 Genomics Consortium has confirmed the presence of this new variant. About the XFG Variant The XFG variant is a recombinant strain. It results from the merging of two earlier strains, LF.7 and LP.8.1.2. This variant carries four mutations in the spike protein. It has shown rapid global spread since its initial detection in Canada. The variant is a descendant of the Omicron sub-variant. Geographical Distribution Maharashtra has reported the highest number of cases at 89. Other states with notable cases include Tamil Nadu (16), Kerala (15), Gujarat (11), and Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and West Bengal (six each). A new case has also been confirmed in Telangana. Clinical Characteristics The XFG v...

  Recent advancements in biodiversity research have led to the rediscovery of a rare hexapod species known as Ballistura fitchoides. This species was first identified nearly a century ago in the Nilgiris by French scientist J. R. Dennis. The original specimen has since been lost, complicating efforts to study this springtail insect. However, a research team from the Molecular Biodiversity Lab at the Government Arts College in Udhagamandalam successfully characterised the complete mitochondrial DNA of this elusive species. Historical Context Ballistura fitchoides was first described in 1933 by J. R. Dennis. Initially named Ballistura fitchi, it underwent a name change in 1944 due to taxonomic revisions. Dennis collected only a few specimens, which were later lost from the Musée National des Sciences Naturelles in Paris. This loss left the scientific community without any known specimens for study. Rediscovery Efforts The recent rediscovery occurred in Kolavayal, Wayanad district, Ke...